Slavery and African Americans essays

Slavery and African Americans essays African Americans resisted the practice of slavery and the trade of slavery from its inception in the United Stated in the early1600s to its end in the middle 1800s. They resisted it in the fields and in the big house; they resisted by organized rebellions; and they resisted by direct, spontaneous acts of courage. For their freedom slaves killed and were killed. They ran away, and their masters ran after them. They fought and died. They also survived. The conditions of slaves that survived varied. How well they were treated depended on their owner and the type of work they did. The field hands had it the hardest. They worked the longest hours and lived under the worst conditions. They had little clothing and one pair of shoes that had to last them a whole year. They lived in a single room and most had beds made out of straw and old rags. The house slaves, on the other hand, had it a lot better. They often lived in their owner's home and had much more privileges than did the field ha nds. The house slaves had a better chance of getting freed by their owner. The men usually did the outdoor chores, while the women did more of the domestic duties. While these domestic duties tended to add work to the slave woman's day, the domestic work was a way for women to rebel against the master to keep themselves and their families healthy. The family was important to most slave women, and they had ways of making sure that they stayed together, though these weren't foolproof. For example, slave owners refrained from selling women that demonstrated fertility, in that case female slaves would get pregnant at an early age. "Women slaves also represented and authority figure within their community" (Reid p.3). Wives were often able to provoke otherwise aggressive husbands into acts of rebellion against the master. In addition, mothers often educated their children, teaching them how to sew or do other household chores that they would need to be abl...

Definition and Examples of Closed Class Words

Definition and Examples of Closed Class Words In  English grammar,  closed class  refers to the  category of function words- that is, parts of speech (or word classes)- that dont readily accept new members. Contrast with open class. The closed classes in English include pronouns, determiners, conjunctions, and prepositions. See examples and observations below: Examples and Observations [C]losed-class words are those belonging to the grammatical, or function, classes . . .. Function words in English include conjunctions (and, or), articles (the, a), demonstratives (this, that), and prepositions (to, from, at, with). To take one specific case, consider the word and. The essential feature of the word and is that it functions grammatically to conjoin words and phrases, as seen in the combination of noun phrases the woman and the man. Any change in membership in such a class happens only very slowly (over centuries) and in small increments. Thus, a speaker of English may well encounter dozens of new nouns and verbs during the coming year; but it is extremely unlikely that the English language will acquire a new article (or lose a current one) in the coming year (or even in the speakers lifetime). (Adrian Akmajian, et al., Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication. MIT, 2001)Prepositions have gradually expanded their membership somewhat by admitting part iciples such as including, concerning, but the remaining classes are very resistant to the introduction of new items. This has been noticeable in recent years when attempts have been made to find gender-neutral pronouns. (Angela Downing and Philip Locke, English Grammar: A University Course, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2002) Functions of Closed-Class Words Closed-class words or function words are limited in number and act as markers or guides to the structure of a sentence. The role of articles is to signal nouns. Prepositions mark special relationships between persons, objects, and locations. Conjunctions are connectors that link actors or objects, and specify relationships between clauses in the sentence. Open- and closed-class words occupy certain slots in sentences and set up a frame for interpreting the interrelationships between actors, actions, and objects. (Diane McGuinness, Language Development and Learning to Read. MIT, 2005) Open Class Words Evolve to Closed Class Words The closed classes include pronouns (you, them), modal verbs (could, must), determiners (a, the), prepositions (of, in), and conjunctions (and, but). New members of these classes are not added to the language very often. Instead, they tend to gradually evolve from lexical words in a process called grammaticalization. For example, the lexical verb go means to move (toward a goal). But its progressive form be going (to) has evolved into a grammaticalized prospective (future) marker, as in Shes going to love her gift. The movement meaning of go has been bleached out of the grammaticalized version, and so the going in be going to can be considered to be a function word, rather than a content word. The closed classes represent a more restricted range of meanings, and the meanings of closed-class words tend to be less detailed and less referential than open-class words. (M. Lynne Murphy, Lexical Meaning. Cambridge University Press, 2010)

Adidas Company in Sports Industry Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Adidas Company in Sports Industry - Coursework Example To Adidas Company, putting too many efforts into the whole career thing and strict adhering to certain routines during life do not coincide with the overall expectations. Instead, the company is about passion and a belief that one should push own limits everywhere and all the times. It is sports as the foundation of everything that company does; it is about the redefining the benchmark for discovering and shaping the future; it is the fair play which creates the basis for company’s performance among similar businesses (Our expectations, 2015). All these considerations create the mission of Adidas Group as the company which strives to be the global leader in the provision of sports goods and the services of which are built on the passion for sports and a sporting lifestyle. Values of the company describe the desired culture, which are the promotion of sports as the foundation of all Adidas does, passion for constant moving, innovation and the improvement, the integrity approach based on such characteristics as honesty, openness, ethical and fair attitude toward others, and the understanding of the diversity of ideas, strengths and interests in building the company’s brands. At the same time, however, one should understand that vision and mission which are the visual part of the company’s strategy are different from the forces that embed innovation. According to (Dobni, 2010), innovation is premised on the market orientation, the creation of value and defining of the new opportunity space.

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 3 - Essay Example Also, ABF Plc. being a low geared capital structured company as Woolworth Plc, it would create the similar circumstances for assets exploitations in both companies. This is so as the basic idea of both companies is to protect their equity holders. The performance of Woolworth Ltd. is analyzed on basis of profitability and rate of return ratios. For the purpose of this analysis Gross Profit ratio, Net profit Ratio, Return on Total Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE) has been selected. Profit Margin ratios show the relation between profit and sales. Since profit can be measured at different stages, there are several measures of profit margin. The most popular are Gross Profit, and Net Profit ratio. The Rate of Return ratios, that are also performance analyzers, reflect the relationship between profit and investment. The Return on Assets ratio and Return on Equity ratio have used for the purpose so that a perfect performance analysis is made fro Woolworth Ltd. These ratios are calculated in attached annexure. The Gross profit ratio for Woolworth Ltd. has been impressive over the years. It has risen from 24.89% in 2005 to 25.03% in 2006 and finally to 25.32% in 2007. The basic reason for such steadily rise is effective use of operational resources by Woolworth Ltd., keeping pace with increasing turnover during this period. The company’s revenue is $ 42477.1m in 2007 as compared to 37734.2m and 31352.5m in 2006 and 2005 respectively. Normally it is seen that gross margins go down whenever there is a continuous increase in revenue. But Woolworths has maintained its cost of goods sold completely in control to reflect the increasing gross margins. The success shown by Woolworths in gross margins has been effectively repeated in net margins. The company’s net profit ratio was 4.15% in 2005, and that has risen to 4.56% in 2006, and to 4.19%. This is rise is good but the gap between gross profit and net profit is

Eating Disorders Essay -- Food Health Anorexia Research Papers

Researchers study eating disorders to try to understand their many complexities. â€Å"Eating disorders are complicated psychiatric illnesses in which food is used to deal with unsettling emotions and difficult life issues† (Michel & Willard, 2003, p. 2). To help those with eating disorders, one must understand the causes, effects and treatments associated with the disorders. Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Compulsive Overeating are three common eating disorders found in society today. â€Å"No one knows exactly what causes eating disorders. However, all socioeconomic, ethnic and cultural groups are at risk† (Matthews, 2001, p.3). Eating disorders are difficult to diagnose but can be deadly if left untreated. Background The Alliance for Eating Disorder Awareness (n.d.) observes, Eating disorders affect five to ten million Americans adolescent girls and women and approximately one million American boys and men. In addition, approximately 70 million individuals in the world struggle with this disorder. In a single person’s lifetime, approximately 450,000 individuals will die because of this terrifying disease. Eating disorders know no race, age, class or gender. They can happen to anyone. Eating disorders have been present in children as young as three years old and in adults as old as ninety. However, typical age of onset is anywhere from 12-18 years of age. Eating disorders often develop in adolescence because it is a time of numerous changes including sexual, physical, and emotional ones. Rachel Bryant-Waugh and Bryan Lask (2004) conclude that with adolescent changes, weight fluctuations often occur and many individuals may not feel ready to handle the differences (p.38). The inability to deal with change during this time often leads to anorexia, bulimia, or compulsive overeating. The American Academy of Family Physicians (2003) states, â€Å"People with anorexia starve themselves, avoid high-calorie foods and exercise constantly.† The person suffering from anorexia is abnormally sensitive about being fat or has a massive fear of becoming fat. Low self esteem and a constant need for acceptance commonly is seen in anorexics. Michel and Willard (2003) contend the most prevalent characteristic with this disorder is reduced calorie intake. The initial need to lose just a few pounds is somewhere forgotten and the cycle of the disorder takes over. Anorexic... ...nab Bryant-Waugh, R. & Lask, B. (2004). Eating disorders: A parent’s guide (Rev. ed.). New York: Brunner-Routledge. Kirkpatrick, J. & Caldwell, P. (2001). Eating disorders: Everything you need to know. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. Levine, M. & Maine, M. (2004). Some basic facts about eating disorders. Retrieved April 28, 2005 from http://www.brooklane.org/whitepgs Matthews, D. (Ed.). (2001). Eating disorders sourcebook (1st ed.). Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics. Michel, D. & Willard, S. (2003). When dieting becomes dangerous: A guide to understanding and treating anorexia and bulimia. New haven, CT: Yale University Press. Missouri Department of Mental Health. (n.d.). Eating disorders. Retrieved May 1, 2005 from http://www.dmh.missouri.gov/cps/facts/eating.htm Simon-Kumar, R. (2001). Eating disorders. Retrieved May 1, 2005 from http:// www.psychology4all.com/EatingDisorders.htm The Alliance for Eating Disorders Awareness. (n.d.). Eating disorders statistics. Retrieved April 28, 2005, from http://www.1st-eating-disorders.info The American Academy of Family Physicians. (June 2003). Anorexia nervosa. Retrieved April 18, 2005, from http://www.familydoctor.org/063.xml

Compare Reunion Two Kinds Essay

It often surprises me how different individuals from different cultures and backgrounds all come together in one country and share many experiences. Individuals like Amy Tan who was born among Chinese immigrants, John Cheever from Massachusetts and Louise Erdrich who comes from a Chippewa Indian and German background and was born in Minnesota. A vast variety of origins and they all come to have several good or bad things in common in their work. Hardships of immigration is stated or implied in these pieces as well as parent-child relationship. Nearly all of them carry a sense of determination of different levels and stories of this kind not unlike the ones examined in this piece have a blend, colorless and depressing tone. â€Å"â€Å"Pleading child† was shorter but slower, â€Å"Perfectly Contented† was longer but faster and after I played them both I realized they were two halves of the same song† (Tan, 105) Now I usually avoid long quotations but this one by Tan should be engraved on gold and kept in the museum of great metaphors. Growing into your long and fast adulthood through your short and slow childhood is indirectly implied throughout Cheever’s Reunion as well. Here is a confession: When I read that last paragraph of Tans two kinds I got goose bumps. The Last sentence is the strongest and most beautiful ending I have ever read. That moment of clarity was more audible than the construction workers who made it nearly impossible for me to focus on the story as I read it. The Red Convertible on the other hand is of a different style, and looks at the relationship between Henry and Lyman. Two brothers who are in excellent terms and Erdrich emphasizes on that point by mentioning the trust they have for one another. They buy a flashy car together and that is the proof to the argument. A wise man once told me that â€Å"War will burn your soul and from your ashes it shall raise a new person†. I sensed a close relation to that quote reading Erdrich’s story. As Henry is dramatically changed after witnessing what went down in Vietnam first hand. The most interesting story award by far goes to â€Å"Reunion† by Cheever. One of the most interesting points in that piece was the fact that the son never showed any disapproval toward his father’s behavior no matter how out of line he went. Which implies the conflict the son had inside although never mentioned in the story. The conflict between his pre-approved father as he thinks to himself â€Å"I wish someone saw us together† (cheever, 106) and his own sense of right and wrong. How could someone seem so proper and successful and act like a drunken fool simultaneously . A potion of confusion and amazement that will take him years or decades to digest. Not unlike the confusion that accompanied Jeng mei trough her childhood and teen age. While the undeniable respect for a parent is carved into her brain, she sees her mom as a rival. Preventing all of her be-myself teenage dreams to come true. The tone of a story is like the background music to a scene from a romantic movie. It could either make it or ruin it for the audience. â€Å"Two Kinds† will bring your eyebrows closer to each other while â€Å"Reunion† will raise them up to the top of your forehead. â€Å"Two kinds† takes place in china town –not the best part of New York City – . An immigrant mother with broken English who yells at Jeng Mei for every mistake she makes on top of that, is definitely not helping her cause. The story does not calm down until the very end and when it does it is superb. While on the nearly parallel line reunion never changed its tone. It goes from blend to blend. It is amusing all along but it definitely misses a good climax maybe not as exotic as Tan’s but â€Å"And that’s the last time I saw my father† and the format has ended way too many stories. I see â€Å"Reunion† by Cheever and Tan’s â€Å"Two Kinds† as a closer match up and â€Å"The red convertible† is just as distant to the rest as its title is. The story still shares the common conflicts but the other two get into much more details and as a reader who has come from a third world country and has seen poverty and prosperity living next door to each other I can very much relate to them.

What Is the Chemistry Definition of Metal

The definition of metal: A substance with high electrical conductivity, luster, and malleability, which readily loses electrons to form positive ions (cations). Metals are otherwise defined according to their position on the Periodic Table. Metal Groupings on the Periodic Table alkali metalsalkaline earth metalstransition metalsrare earth metals